Dandruff is one of the most common scalp problems and usually appears as white flakes accompanied by itching and irritation. It is often caused by excess oil production, dry scalp, or an overgrowth of a naturally occurring fungus on the scalp.

Dandruff may worsen due to stress, unsuitable hair products, or poor scalp hygiene. In some cases, it can also be linked to skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis or eczema.

Common ways to manage dandruff include:

• Using anti-dandruff shampoos containing ingredients like zinc or ketoconazole
• Washing the hair regularly and cleansing the scalp gently
• Avoiding harsh products or excessive oil use
• Keeping the scalp moisturized and maintaining a balanced diet

If dandruff persists or is accompanied by severe redness and itching, consulting a dermatologist is recommended.